Impact of Training and Development on Employee Performance

Employees training and development is one of the major issuing topics now a day because this helps the organization in number of ways. The daily performance of business and day to day maintenance is needed to be done by some workers or employees. And this can only be done when there is proper training and development session held for the employees. Training and development will definitely cause in increase of the employees performance. It is like a root toward a better result or success. Its is extremely important for any kind of business whether it is small based organization having four to five employees or a Large scale organization having some number of employees. But the main point is that the training and development is necessary in every organization in order to avoid any misleading activity in future.   Remember that quality work can only be produced by the trained worker. If the worker is trained and have exact knowledge about the work he is doing then there will be no problem in working environment. Further will affect the business activities as a whole means that it’s not only affecting the internal business structure but also affecting the external activities

Performance Comparison of Real-Time Video Conferencing In MPLS and IP Networking Environment

Modern techniques in networking have evolved a diverse range of opportunities to resolve the challenging task of traffic engineering. With a principle focus on video conferencing that has gained popularity worldwide, we contrive to optimize video traffic by using Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) rather than conventional Internet Protocol (IP) networks. MPLS can be a promising technology for real-time applications with low network delays and efficient utilization of network resources. To substantiate this, in this paper we model certain scenarios of both IP and MPLS networks using Optimized Networking Engineering Tool (OPNET) to simulate and provide comparative performance statistics of throughput and end-to-end packet delay. We illustrate that MPLS has the ability that makes it stand out to IP by analyzing the simulation results of both networking mechanisms

Statistical Power Profiling of Various Network Switches

In the present century there is an expansion in the use of telecommunication network services, because many organizations and business firms do not compromise on networking services, therefore this efficiency of networking services can be achieved only if there are reliable and proficient networking components. To provide exemplary networking services it is necessary to know what are the parameters for networking components. A standout amongst the most vital parameters is the vitality utilization or energy utilization of networking components. Subsequently, there is a need for power profiling of the network switches. Power usage of different kinds of switches, under various load scenarios are tested and recorded. The tool that we have used in this research paper to measure the powerusage factor of various switches is emonpi

Parallel Data Transmission using New Line Encoding Method

In our research paper, we have introduced a unique and new line code method/technique that will have the capability to send two different codes in parallel or concurrently using a single line code, and this will be achieved without any major loss in the shape of the signal. In our proposed new line code, the structure of our code is based on two already well-known line codes that have been used many times in the data communication field, both of them have been combined together. We can say that our new line coding method is a hybrid encoding scheme. This line code combines the properties of already existing line code techniques. At the receiver end, we have implemented a very easy and basic separation  technique that shall help us to separate the real user codes from the added line code, and this will happen without any disturbance or major loss/distortion. There will be no effect on the signal of input data

NFC based inventory control system for secure and efficient communication

This paper brings up this idea of using Near Field Communication (NFC) for inventory control system instead of using traditional barcodes. NFC because of its high security, ease of use and efficiency can be very suitable for systems like inventory control. In traditional inventory control systems, each product has a barcode pasted on it, which is vulnerable to attacks as barcodes are open and have no security. Furthermore, barcodes are prone to damages and can be unreliable when pasted on different types of products e.g. hot and frozen products, circular shaped products and irregular shaped products like clothes etc. NFC on the other hand is very efficient, secure and reliable when it comes to short-range wireless communication. In this paper we will present our prototype for the inventory control system of an electronic store in which each product has a passive NFC tag pasted to it. When a customer buys a product the receipt of the product is generated using NFC between the NFC passive tag on the product and NFC enabled device (e.g. smart phone or reader) at the cash counter

DSL-based Interoperability and Integration in the Smart Manufacturing Digital Thread

In the industry 4.0 ecosystem, a Digital Thread connects the data and processes for smarter manufacturing. It provides an end to end integration of the various digital entities thus fostering interoperability, with the aim to design and deliver complex and heterogeneous interconnected systems. We develop a service oriented domain specific Digital Thread platform in a Smart Manufacturing research and prototyping context. We address the principles, architecture and individual aspects of a growing Digital Thread platform. It conforms to the best practices of coordination languages, integration and interoperability of external services from various platforms, and provides orchestration in a formal methods based, low-code and graphical model driven fashion. We chose the Cinco products DIME and Pyrus as the underlying IT platforms for our Digital Thread solution to serve the needs of the applications addressed: manufacturing analytics and predictive maintenance are in fact core capabilities for the success of smart manufacturing operations. In this regard, we extend the capabilities of these two platforms in the vertical domains of data persistence, IoT connectivity and analytics, to support the basic operations of smart manufacturing. External native DSLs provide the data and capability integrations through families of SIBs. The small examples constitute blueprints for the methodology, addressing the knowledge, terminology and concerns of domain stakeholders. Over time, we expect reuse to increase, reducing the new integration and development effort to a progressively smaller portion of the models and code needed for at least the most standard application

Experimental Characterisation and Response Assessment of Single-Phase Inverter Responses to Grid Disturbances

Electricity generation from renewable energy sources has significantly increased in recent years, and they are projected to become the primary power sources in the near future. Power electronic converters are necessary for converting and integrating this power into the grid and are equipped with advanced controlling techniques for faster responses. The absence of control and visibility over these systems by operators leads to issues in power distribution, particularly during grid disturbances. Researchers are focusing on understanding the impacts of grid disturbances on distributed photovoltaic (DPV) inverters to ensure a reliable network. Although technical standards provide guidance on DPV inverters for expected performance and behaviour, some guidelines are unclear about different grid disturbances. This thesis aims to provide extensive experimental evidence on the behaviour of residential DPV inverters under different grid disturbance conditions. The undesirable behaviour of DPV inverters is classified, and the reasons behind these behaviours are identified. This thesis identifies and classifies the undesirable behaviours presented by DPV inverters in response to grid disturbances, such as fast voltage sag and voltage phase angle jump (VPAJ). These behaviours are undesirable because various inverters respond differently to the same grid disturbance. An extensive experimental study was conducted on 31 commercially available off-the-shelf DPV inverters. The results provide insights into the undesirable behaviours exhibited by inverters and their potential impacts on the power system. This study classified the behaviours of DPV inverters as: 1) ride-through, 2) power curtailment, and 3) disconnection. Statistical analysis showed that a large proportion of installed inverters could exhibit undesirable behaviours that could negatively impact the operation and stability of the power system. The outcomes from this contribution have been far-reaching, including a necessary update to the Australian standard for grid-connected inverters. Further, the causes behind these undesirable behaviours of DPV inverters are classified into disconnections and power curtailments to a similar VPAJ grid disturbance. The inverters’ misinterpretation of VPAJ disturbance caused these undesirable behaviours. The outcomes from this research provided a necessary update to the Australian standard for grid-connected inverters by including emergency voltage disturbance ride-through tests enforced in South Australia and provided essential behaviours and data for a load-photovoltaic composite model for the Australian Energy Market Operator. Finally, simulation and experimental investigations are conducted to identify the impacts of grid disturbances occurring at a specific point-on-wave. The study aimed to identify the points on the voltage waveform that are most susceptible to VPAJ disturbance. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the vulnerability of inverters for VPAJ that occur at different points-on-wave. The results of this study help identify the points on the voltage waveform that are most prone to VPAJ disturbances and understand the appropriate response that inverters should exhibit during such disturbance and at-risk generation scale. The research aims to demonstrate the importance of understanding and providing information about inverters’ responses to different grid faults because of the constantly evolving grid under high penetration from distributed energy resources. Such types of behaviour potentially threaten the operation of highly-penetrated systems because a large portfolio of generation can suddenly disconnect, leaving a large contingency to be satisfied

Ethnic newspaper industry in Pakistan and impacts of corporate ownership

During the Indian independence movement, the Urdu-language ethnic newspapers played a significant role in instigating resistance against colonial authorities within local communities. However, later on, Urdu journalism underwent a transformation, shifting from the ‘advocate-journalist’ model to one dominated by corporate ownership in Pakistan. These commercial agents have faced criticism for using journalism as a shield for their other businesses, yet their presence has profoundly impacted current newspaper practices in various ways. Our case study of the Daily Express reveals that this newspaper, by implementing innovative journalism, technological advancements and efficient management practices, has influenced both preceding and subsequent Urdu dailies, transforming Pakistani newspapers into a modern print media industry. Despite these advancements, the impacts of corporate concerns also include a lack of adequate coverage on various human development issues and science-related topics, posing risks to the attractiveness of such papers for the reading public

Safety of analytical X-ray appliances

Analytical X-ray appliances are widely used for materials characterization. The use of X-rays without proper protection can lead to harmful effects. In order to minimize these harmful effects, it is essential to have a proper estimation of the dose rates around the equipment. Moreover, it is important to follow the safety regulations in order to avoid accidental exposure. This thesis outlines the potential hazards in the use of X-ray analytical instrumentation at the Division of Materials Physics, University of Helsinki. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces to the generally approved fundamental principles of radiation protection and the regulations based on these principles. Also, the production and properties of X-rays, radiation dosimetry and the biological effects of X-rays are discussed. The experimental part evaluates the actual radiation protection in the X-ray laboratories. Two open X-ray appliances, a powder diffractometer and a Laue setup, were selected for a closer study. A copper anode X-ray tube was used and the tube current was set to 20 mA and the voltage to 45 kV, which are the typical experimental values. The dose rates around the equipment were mapped by an ionization chamber. Based of these measurements, the maximum expected dose rate around the powder diffractometer was estimated to be of the order of 1 µSv/h at the user position. In the case of Laue system, the dose rate around equipment was estimated to be 10-100 times the dose rate around the powder diffractometer. Additionally, for powder diffractometer the theoretical characteristic X-ray flux from the tube was calculated. The characteristic X-ray flux after the monochromator at sample position was measured using a scintillator detector and a copper filter. The dose rate calculated from the flux was as high as 10 mSv/s. In typical powder diffraction experiments the expected dose rates are lower than these estimated maximum values. In general, the equipment were found to be safe to work with, provided that the users follow the department regulations and safety guidelines